Chairman, House of Representatives committee on Digital, Information Communication Technology and Cybersecurity
The recent decision of the senate to approve both electronic and manual transmission of election results has once again brought to fore the delicate balance between technological advancement and Nigeria’s present digital infrastructural realities.
As a developing nation navigating the digital age, debate around election result transmission must go beyond political sentiments and be anchored on system integrity, national security and public confidence in the electoral process.
Electronic transmission of election results remains a critical tool for enhancing transparency, reducing human interference and speeding up collation. However, its successful deployment depends on the existence of reliable digital infrastructure, cybersecurity readiness and co-ordinated institutional support.
The inclusion of manual transmission as a fallback mechanism, therefore, reflects the need for caution in areas where connectivity challenges persist.
From a technological and policy standpoint, several measures must be put in place to ensure electronic transmission strengthens, rather than undermines, Nigeria’s electoral system.
The government must put in place sustained investment in digital infrastructure across the country, particularly in rural and hard to reach communities.
Stable network coverage and reliable power supply are fundamental to any technology driven electoral reform.
Without addressing these gaps, electronic transmission cannot be uniformly effective nationwide.
Similarly, cybersecurity must be treated as a core pillar of election management. Election result transmission systems should be designed with strong data protection mechanisms, including end-to-end encryption, secure authentication protocols and digital audit trails.
These safeguards are necessary to protect transmitted data from interception, alteration or unauthorised access.
Equally important is the role of collaboration between relevant government agencies and the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). Effective electronic transmission requires co-ordinated efforts involving INEC, the Nigerian Communications Commission, the Ministry responsible for the digital economy and other technical institutions.
Such collaboration will ensure alignment of standards, system interoperability and operational readiness.
Security agencies also have a vital role to play, beyond physical presence at polling units.
There must be structured involvement of security institutions in protecting digital electoral infrastructure.
Cyber threats to election systems are real and evolving, and proactive intelligence, monitoring and response mechanisms are essential to safeguard democratic outcomes.
Capacity building is another critical factor, as electoral officials and ad-hoc staff must be adequately trained on the use of technology, transmission procedures and basic cybersecurity awareness.
Regular system testing, mock elections and stress simulations should be conducted well ahead of election day to identify and address vulnerabilities.
For this process to be feasible ahead of the next general elections, the window between now and the election period provides an opportunity for phased implementation, system strengthening and stakeholder engagement.
What is required is early preparation, political will and institutional discipline, rather than last minute adjustments and the objective should be to build an electoral process that Nigerians can trust and one that combines technological innovation with credible safeguards.
Electronic transmission, supported by clearly defined manual backup procedures, can serve this purpose if implemented with transparency, security and accountability at its core.
